⑴ 涓鍥借繎浠e瑰栨垬浜
1. 寮曡█
闈╁懡涔嬭矾浠庢潵閮戒笉浼氫竴甯嗛庨『銆備腑鍥藉叡浜у厷寤虹珛涔嬪悗锛屼负浜嗚В鏀惧叏鍥戒汉姘戯紝杩涜屼簡鏁板崄骞寸殑鑹伴毦鏂椾簤銆傚湪杩欐湡闂达紝澶уぇ灏忓皬鐨勬垬浜夎╂棤鏁伴潻鍛藉厛鐑堜粯鍑轰簡鐢熷懡銆傜劧鑰岋紝鏃犺虹壓鐗插啀澶э紝涓鍥戒汉姘戦兘鏈鏇炬亹鎯э紝鍙瑕佹渶缁堣兘璧㈠緱姘戞棌瑙f斁鍜岀嫭绔嬶紝鎬绘湁浜烘効鎰忚荡姹よ箞鐏銆傝繖鏍风殑涓涓姘戞棌锛岀粷涓嶄細鐢樻効浠讳汉楸艰倝銆傛秷闄ゅ▉鑳併佸叚娆″嚭鍏垫柊涓鍥界殑鎴愮珛瀹e憡浜嗚繖涓鍙よ佸ぇ鍥界殑閲嶇敓銆傚綋鍐嶄竴娆¢潰瀵瑰栭儴鍔垮姏鐨勪镜鐘鏃讹紝鎴戜滑涓嶄細鍍忔棫涓鍥介偅鏍烽夋嫨蹇嶆皵鍚炲0锛屼篃涓嶅啀鏃犲姏鍙嶆姉銆
2. 瀵硅秺鍗楃殑鎻村姪
鍦ㄦ柊涓鍥芥垚绔嬩箣鍚庯紝涓轰簡娑堥櫎鏉ヨ嚜澶栭儴鐨勫▉鑳侊紝鎴戝浗鍏堝悗瀵瑰栧嚭鍏典竷娆°傚叾涓锛屾姉缇庢彺鏈濇垬浜夋槸鎴戜滑鐔熸倝鐨勪繚瀹跺崼鍥界殑鎴樹簤銆傜劧鑰岋紝闄や簡鎶楃編鎻存湞鎴樹簤涔嬪栵紝涓鍥藉叾浠栧叚娆″嚭鍏甸兘鏄鍦ㄤ粈涔堟椂鍊欙紵鍙堟槸涓轰簡浠涔堢悊鐢憋紵
1950骞1鏈堬紝娉曞浗浼佸浘閲嶆柊鍗犻嗘浘缁忕殑娈栨皯鍦拌秺鍗椼傚湪鍖楄秺鏀垮簻鐨勬彺鍔╄锋眰涓嬶紝鎴戝浗娲惧嚭浜嗕笁涓甯堢殑鍔涢噺锛岃繕鏈変笁鐧惧氬悕鍐涘畼缁勬垚鐨勫啗浜嬮【闂鍥㈡彺瓒婃姉娉曪紝甯鍔╄秺鍗楀啗闃熻幏寰椾簡鎶楁硶鎴樹簤鐨勮儨鍒╋紝杩樺府瓒婂崡寤鸿句簡寮哄ぇ鐨勫啗闃燂紝鏀鎻翠簡璁稿氭﹀櫒銆傚湪1955骞存墦鍝嶇殑瓒婂崡鎴樹簤涓锛屾垜浠鍙堝垎鍒甯鍔╄秺鍗楀拰鑰佹対鎶垫姉缇庡啗鐨勪镜鐣ャ傝繖灏辨槸鎴戜滑涓夋″嚭鍏靛府鍔╀笢鍗椾簹鍥藉剁殑缁忓巻锛屼綋鐜颁簡鎴戜滑鎶垫姉渚电暐鑰呫佹秷闄や腑鍥藉栭儴娼滃湪濞佽儊鐨勫喅蹇冦
3. 淇濆崼绁栧浗杈瑰冨畨鍏ㄧ殑鎴樹簤
鍦ㄤ笁娆″府鍔╀笢鍗椾簹鍥藉舵姷鎶椾镜鐣ョ殑鎴樹簤涔嬪栵紝鎴戜滑杩樿繘琛屼簡涓夋′繚鍗鏂颁腑鍥借竟澧冨畨鍏ㄧ殑鎴樹簤銆傜涓娆℃槸1960骞寸殑涓缂呰仈鍚堜綔鎴橈紝鎴戜滑涓轰簡娑堢伃鐩樿笧鍦ㄧ紖鐢稿冨唴鐨勫弽闈╁懡姝﹁呮畫浣欓儴闃燂紝鍜岀紖鐢告斂搴滆揪鎴愬崗璁涔嬪悗涓ゆ¤繘鍏ョ紖鐢稿冨唴浣滄垬锛屾渶缁堜繚鍗浜嗚竟澧冨畨鍏ㄣ傜浜屾℃槸鍙戠敓鍦1962骞寸殑瀵瑰嵃鑷鍗鍙嶅嚮鎴橈紝鎴戜滑鐨勮В鏀惧啗鍕囨暍鍦颁繚鍗浜嗘垜浠绁栧浗鐨勮竟澧冮嗗湡锛屽苟涓斿湪鎵撹触鍗板害鍐涢槦鍚庝富鍔ㄥ悗鎾わ紝骞舵病鏈夊皢鎴樹簤瑙勬ā杩涗竴姝ユ墿澶с傛渶鍚庝竴娆℃槸1979骞村硅秺鑷鍗鍙嶅嚮鎴橈紝瓒婂崡鍦ㄦ垜浠鏁忔樼殑甯鍔╀笅璧㈠緱浜嗘姉娉曟垬浜夊拰鎶楃編鎴樹簤鐨勮儨鍒╋紝闅忓悗閲庡績寮濮嬭啫鑳璧锋潵锛屼紒鍥鹃獨鎵板拰渚电暐鎴戝浗杈瑰冦傛垜浠瀵硅繖鏍风殑鈥滅櫧鐪肩嫾鈥濊嚜鐒舵槸涓嶄細鎵嬭蒋锛屽綋鍗虫淳鍑哄崄涓囧ぇ鍐涙繁鍏ヨ秺鍗楀寳閮锛岀粰浜嗕粬浠涓涓鐙犵嫚鐨勬暀璁锛岃╄秺鍗楁槑鐧戒腑鍥戒笉浼氬瑰繊浠讳綍渚电暐鐨勮屼负銆
4. 缁撹
涓鍥藉苟涓嶆槸涓涓鐑琛蜂簬鎴樹簤鐨勫浗瀹躲備粠寤哄浗浠ユ潵鍑哄叺鐨勭粡鍘嗗彲浠ョ湅鍑猴紝鎴戜滑鐨勫啗浜嬭屽姩澶у氭槸涓轰簡鎶楀嚮渚电暐锛屼繚鍗鎴戜滑鍥藉跺拰鍛ㄨ竟鐜澧冪殑瀹夊叏锛屽ソ璁╃粡鍘嗕簡鐧惧勾鎴樼伀鐨勪腑鍥借兘澶熷湪瀹夊畾鐨勭幆澧冧腑杩涜屽彂灞曘傚埆鐨勫浗瀹跺彧瑕佹効鎰忓拰鎴戜滑杩涜屽弸濂姐佸钩绛夌殑鍚堜綔锛屼腑鍥介兘鍗佸垎娆㈣繋銆
⑵ 涓鍗版垬浜夌殑褰辫嗕綔鍝
涓鍥芥病鏈夋媿鎽勫叧浜庝腑鍗版垬浜夌殑鐢靛奖銆傚彲浠ヨ傜湅銆婁腑鍗拌竟澧冭嚜鍗鍙嶅嚮鎴樸璁板綍鐗囥
鐢变簬涓鍗版垬浜夎繘琛岀殑鏃跺欙紝涓鍥芥e勪簬涓夊勾鑷鐒剁伨瀹鍚庣殑缁忔祹澶嶈嫃杩囨浮鏈燂紝鍥藉剁粡娴庣粡璐规瀬绔鍥伴毦锛屾墍浠ヤ腑鍥藉氨娌℃湁鎷嶆憚涓鍗版垬浜夌殑鐢靛奖
鍗板害鏂归潰鐢辨斂搴滄寚绀哄湪1964骞存姠鎷嶄簡瀹濊幈鍧炵殑鈥滄姉涓鍥界瓥鐢靛奖鈥濓細銆奌aqeeqat銆嬶紙涓鏂囪瘧鍚嶄负锛氫弗宄荤殑鐜板疄锛夛紝鍦ㄨ繖閮ㄧ數褰变腑锛屽嵃搴﹀兼紨锛氬囧潶鈼忓畨鍗椾粠鍥藉唴璇锋潵浜嗕竴浜涚兢浼楁紨鍛樻潵鎵婕斺滆嫳鍕囨棤鐣忕殑鍗板害瀹樺叺鈥濓紝鍙堜粠褰撴椂鍙嶅叡鐨勫崡瓒婅锋潵浜嗕竴浜涚兢浼楁紨鍛樻潵鎵婕斺滅┓鍑舵瀬鎭剁殑涓鍥借В鏀惧啗瀹樺叺鈥濓紝鎵浠ユ暣閮ㄧ數褰辩殑瀵圭櫧璇瑷鏄鍗板害璇鍜岃秺鍗楄銆
涓鍗拌竟澧冩垬浜鏄1962骞达紝涓鍥戒汉姘戣В鏀惧啗椹昏タ钘忋佹柊鐤嗚竟闃查儴闃熷湪涓鍗拌竟澧冨湴鍖哄逛镜鍏ヤ腑鍥介嗗湡鐨勫嵃搴﹀啗闃熻繘琛岀殑鑷鍗鍙嶅嚮浣滄垬锛屽嵃搴﹀垯绉颁箣涓鐡﹀紕涔嬫垬銆
瑙f斁鍐涘湪杩涘叆瑗胯棌鍚庯紝涓庡嵃搴﹂嗗湡鎺ュ¥鑰屼骇鐢熶竴绯诲垪棰嗗湡闂棰橈紝鍦ㄥ弻鏂逛細璋堢牬瑁傚悗锛1959骞寸殑杈捐禆鍠囧槢涓瑰炲槈鎺閫冨線鍗板害鍙楀簢鎶わ紝涓鍗颁袱鍥藉紑濮嬩氦鎭讹紝鍚庢潵涓杩炰覆浜ょ伀鍐茬獊鏇翠娇鍗板害寮濮嬭繘鍐涜棌鍗楀湴鍖哄缓绔嬪啗浜嬫嵁鐐癸紝骞跺嚭鍏甸犳垚姝ゆ℃垬浜夈傜編鍥界殑鍙ゅ反瀵煎脊鍗辨満鍜屾ゆ℃垬浜夊嚑涔庝簬鍚屼竴鏃堕棿鐖嗗彂銆
涓鍗版垬浜夋渶涓轰汉娉ㄦ剰鐨勬槸鎴樻枟澶у氬彂鐢熷湪鎭跺姡鐨勭幆澧冧笅锛屽挨鍏舵槸鍦ㄩ珮娴锋嫈鐨勬儏褰涓嬶紝涓嶅皯澶ц勬ā鐨勫啿绐侀兘鍙戠敓鍦ㄨ秴杩4250绫充互涓婄殑楂樺害锛屼腑鍗板弻鏂瑰悓鏃朵篃瀛樺湪鐫鐗╂祦鍜岃ˉ缁欎笉鏄撶殑闂棰樸傝繖鍦烘垬浜夋櫘閬嶈仛鐒﹀湪闄嗗啗鐨勬垬鏂椾笂锛屽洜涓哄湴褰㈢殑鍏崇郴锛屽弻鏂圭殑娴风┖鍐涘嚑涔庢病鏈夊弬涓庤繖娆℃垬浜夊啿绐併
鎵╁睍璧勬枡锛
涓鍗拌竟鐣鍏ㄩ暱绾1710鍏閲岋紝涔犳儻涓婂垎涓轰笢銆佷腑銆佽タ涓夋碉細
涓滄甸暱绾650鍏閲岋紝浠庝腑鍥姐佸嵃搴︺佺紖鐢镐笁鍥戒氦鐣屽勮嚦涓鍥姐佸嵃搴︺涓嶄腹涓夊浗浜ょ晫涔嬪勭殑搴曞疀鏍奸噷锛涗腑娈碉紝闀跨害400鍏閲岋紝浠庤タ钘忔櫘鍏板幙鐨勪腑鍥姐佸嵃搴︺灏兼硦灏涓夊浗浜ょ晫澶勮嚦鏈杈惧幙鐨6795楂樺湴銆
瑗挎甸暱绾650鍏閲岋紝浠庢湱杈惧幙鐨6795楂樺湴鑷虫柊鐤嗙殑鍠鍠囨槅浠戝北鍙c傛暣涓杈圭晫浠庢潵娌℃湁姝e紡鍒掑畾杩囷紝浣嗘牴鎹鍙屾柟鍘嗗彶琛屾斂绠¤緰鎵鍙婏紝褰㈡垚浜嗕竴鏉′紶缁熶範鎯杈圭晫绾匡紝涓滄垫槸娌鍠滈┈鎷夐泤灞辫剦鍗楅簱锛屼腑娈垫槸娌垮枩椹鎷夐泤灞辫剦锛岃タ娈垫槸娌垮杸鍠囨槅浠戝北鑴夈
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